Amphibians have a high success rate in Florida. There are currently no
endangered or threatened amphibians listed by the State of Florida. For
further information on Florida, you may want to purchase a book from our
Florida Nature Library. Don't miss our "Nature
Videos" slideshow set to music! The five species of special concern
are listed below:
Flatwoods
Salamander (Ambystoma cingulatum) - The flatwoods salamander is
medium-sized, reaching an adult length of 5 inches. Body color ranges
from silvery gray to black, with the back heavily mottled with a
variable gray cross-band pattern. The underside is gray with faint
creamy blotches. The head is small and equal to the neck in diameter.
The flatwoods salamander used to crawl over 100 million acres of
longleaf pine habitat in the Southeastern United States. Now there is
less than 3 million acres of habitat left - most of it in 11
wetland-rich Florida counties. There were 110 flatwoods salamander
communities in four states prior to 1990. Now there are only 47, 34 of
them in Florida. The Frosted flatwoods Salamander breeds in small,
shallow, ephemeral ponds. Adult salamanders spend most of the year
underground in self-constructed burrows or those of crayfish, and small
mammals, where they feed on a variety of small invertebrates. From
September through December, adults migrate from surrounding upland
habitats to their natal wetlands during rainfall events associated with
passing cold fronts. The flatwoods Salamander was listed as Federally
Threatened by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in 1999.
Georgia
Blind Salamander (Haideotriton wallacei)- The Georgia Blind
Salamander no eyes or pigment. It has bright red feathery external
gills, long, thin legs, and a finned tail. It reaches a length of only
3". Its name is due to the fact that the specimen was first discovered
in a 200 foot well in Albany, Georgia. It has since been discovered in
Climax Cave in Decatur County Georgia, but for the most part they are
distributed in 11 cave systems along the Florida Panhandle around
Jackson County. The Georgia blind salamander is the only vertebrate cave
dweller in Floridian caves. Georgia blind salamanders live a slow-moving
life, creeping over the bottom and up along walls of caves. They are
more common close to cave entrances, as food is more plentiful here.
They feed on a variety of cave crayfishes, isopods, copepods, and
detritus. Because of its limited distribution, the Georgia blind
salamander has been seriously threatened by habitat loss. As a result
the species is now protected in both states where they reside.
Pine
Barrens Treefrog (Hyla andersonii)- The Pine barrens tree frog
is only about 1–3 inches long and is one of the smaller species of tree
frogs. Members of the species are predominantly green, with wide dark
stripes. They often have spotted orange-gold markings on the hidden
surfaces of their legs, and also tend to have large toe pads. Pine
Barrens tree frogs are most commonly found in brushy areas, often near
peat bogs or shallow ponds. They usually inhabit areas carpeted with
thick moss. Adults are terrestrial, but tend to reside near water
sources. Unlike most frogs, Pine barrens tree frog are tolerant of low
pH levels, and often lay eggs in shallow, acidic ponds. Members of the
species are currently distributed in three distinct populations: New
Jersey Pine Barrens, the Sandhills of North and South Carolina, and the
Florida Panhandle area.
Florida
Bog Frog (Rana okaloosae)- Bog Frogs have rough dark green to
brown backs, black mottled undersides, yellow throats, and may have
light spots on the lower jaw. A light brown line runs along the lateral
fold and does not reach the groin area. This frog is less than 2 inches
long. This frog is uncommon in Florida and is found only in a few acidic
streams in Walton, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties in the panhandle.
The Florida bog frog will call from spring to summer with a call which
sounds like a chuckle -- a series of low-pitched single clucking calls,
noticeably slower at the end of the call.
Gopher
Frog (Rana capito)- These nocturnal frogs are noted for their
short, stubby appearance. Their backs are marked heavily with dark
spots, sometimes causing a clouded pattern. Their dorsolateral ridges
are very distinctive. This frog will reach a length of 4.33 in. The
gopher frog usually spends daylight hours in burrows, holes, or tunnels
that are created by other animals. The Gopher frog primarily inhabits
the threatened sandhill communities, flat woods, and scrub in the
Atlantic coastal plain, where it
is usually found near ponds. The gopher frog breeds on spring nights in
very wet conditions. They seem to be rare, but their secretive nature
makes it difficult to determine their true population status. |
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